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Introduction: The current era of the COVID-19 pandemic requires innovation in the provision of discharge planning by involving family members through the media safely and effectively. This study aimed to develop a discharge planning instrument based on patient family-centered care. Method: Research design Research and Development. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total sample of 110 medical record documents, 23 focus group discussion participants, and 2 experts (expert consultation). Data were collected through observation sheets, focus group discussions, and expert consultations. Data analysis using descriptive analysis, and validity test using I-CVI. Results: Development of a patient family centered care-based discharge planning instrument at the beginning of the patient's admission (admission), namely sorting and adding assessment items to the level of knowledge of the disease, information and education needs, values, and beliefs, cultural background as well as physical and psychological. During treatment, namely arranging and sorting discharge planning items, providing information and education according to the assessment results using a media approach and the method according to the COVID-19 pandemic protocol. Towards home that is adding items;readiness or environmental conditions (environment), referral plans (Outpatient referral), and continued treatment while at home (Medication). Conclusion: The developed instrument tested is valid. As a result of this development, the new instrument can be tested and applied, and researched in the next stage on the outcomes of patient family-centered care. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.
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Background: COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. It is necessary to study lung tissue of postmortem COVID19 patients to determine the molecular alteration particularly the role of IL-6 and IL-17 in causing fatality. Background: This study aims to determine the differences in the expressions of IL-6 and IL-17 in lung tissue of post-mortem COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients. This study also aimed to analyze the correlation between the expressions of IL-6 and IL-17 in lung tissue of post-mortem COVID-19 patients. Methods: This research is an observational analytic study with crosssectional approach. The samples were 15 paraffin blocks of post-mortem lung tissue biopsy of COVID-19 patients, and 15 paraffin blocks of inflammatory lung tissue biopsy or surgery of non-COVID-19 patients. IL-6 and IL-17 expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemical procedure. Result: There was a significant difference in the expression of IL-6 in the COVID-19 group and the non-COVID-19 group with a p-value = 0.001 (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the expression of IL-17 in the COVID-19 group and the non-COVID-19 group with p-value = 0.001 (p < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between the expressions of IL-6 and IL-17 in the COVID-19 group, with the Spearman coefficient value (rs) of 0.548 with p = 0.034 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There are differences in the expression of IL-6 and IL-17 between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 lung tissue. There is a significant correlation between the expressions of IL-6 and IL-17 in post-mortem lung tissue of COVID-19 patients.
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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global concern. Recently, Indonesia contributed the third-highest number of new COVID-19 cases in the world. We provide supporting information for COVID-19 management. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Researchers collected demographics, comorbidity, initial laboratory tests, and complications data of patients. This study performed a comparative, survival, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Survival analysis showed a decrease in the probability of survival associated with an increase in the variables of age, diabetes, white blood cell (WBC) count, and neutrophils percentage, and a decrease in lymphocytes percentage during hospitalization. Lymphocyte percentage, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), WBC count, neutrophil percentage, had an accuracy 0.727 (95%CI 0.642-0.812;p<0.001), 0.726 (95%CI 0.641-0.812;p<0.001), 0.706 (95%CI 0.615-0.796;p<0.001), and 0.700 (95%CI 0.612-0.788;p<0.001) respectively, in predicting worse outcome. Our study suggests routine complete blood count tests in the admission of a patient with COVID-19 infections, which can be used to determine the survival and prognosis of hospitalized patients.
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BACKGROUND: Lung injury is common in COVID-19 patients. The severity of lung injury appears to be reflected in serum KL-6, a glycoprotein expressed on type II alveolar epithelium. This study aims to assess the role of serum KL-6 in reflecting the severity of lung injury in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, and ProQuest. Articles were screened based on several eligibility criteria and assessed for study quality using NOS. RESULTS: This systematic review included four studies involving a total of 151 adult COVID-19 patients. Pooled analysis revealed that serum KL-6 was significantly higher in severe patients (SMD = 1.16;95% CI = 0.69-1.63) with moderately high pooled sensitivity (79%;95% CI = 61-91%) and specificity (86%;95% CI = 72-95%). CONCLUSION: High serum KL-6 may depict more severe lung injury in COVID-19 patients with moderately high sensitivity and specificity.
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Bronchial asthma is mentioned as a factor that worsens the condition of COVID-19 and vice versa. Hypertension is also comorbid that aggravates SARS-COV-2 infection. The aim of this case report is to present that bronchial asthma and hypertension may not worsen COVID-19 patients. We report a woman, 53 years old, positive swab RT-PCR result, comorbid uncontrolled hypertension, and partially controlled asthma. During treatment, there is anxiety, but bronchial asthma and hypertension can be controlled. Some of the drugs administered include antiviral favipiravir, systemic steroids, anti-IL-6 (tocilizumab), antihypertensives, bronchodilator inhalers, anti-anxiety, plasma convalescence, anticoagulants, vitamins, and other anti-oxidants. Multidisciplinary management accelerates the improvement of the patient’s condition. Good bronchial asthma and hypertension management will control the patient’s condition and will not cause worsening during treatment due to COVID-19. Bronchial asthma and hypertension may not worsen COVID-19 if the therapy of COVID-19 and all comorbid can be controlled. © 2021 UPM Press. All rights reserved.
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Background: The prevalence of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia as of June 9, 2020, has been confirmed 32.076 positive cases, with 1.923 death cases. The total number of deaths reached 92,941 cases. There has been a recent update on stem cell-based biological, medical therapy as an optional treatment to handling COVID-19 due to its potential viability besides using the prevalent conventional chemical drug therapy. Methods: In this study, in vitro research was conducted to determine the potential of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and natural killer cells (NK cells) against SARS-CoV-2 viruses, which virus isolates were collected in Indonesia. The SARS-CoV-2 virus was planted in rat kidney cells and Vero cells. The cells that had been planted with the virus were given HSCs and NK cells, followed by being evaluated at intervals of 24, 48, and 72 hours. The evaluation was done by collecting cells and supernatant from the cell plate and then determining the viral load using a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) machine. Results: The results showed that the addition of HSCs and NK on cells that had been infected by SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a decrease in viral load within 24 to 72 hours in all variations of Multiples of Infection (MoI) values. Conclusions: The administration of HSCs and NK cells has the potential to eliminate the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although this study is only an in vitro study, it could be the basis for the development of alternative stem cell-based therapies to tackle COVID-19 cases. © 2020 EManuscript Technologies. All rights reserved.